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Handling Context Dependencies

The Bison paradigm is to parse tokens first, then group them into larger syntactic units. In many languages, the meaning of a token is affected by its context. Although this violates the Bison paradigm, certain techniques (known as kludges) may enable you to write Bison parsers for such languages.

• Semantic Tokens: Token parsing can depend on the semantic context.
• Lexical Tie-ins: Token parsing can depend on the syntactic context.
• Tie-in Recovery: Lexical tie-ins have implications for how error recovery rules must be written.

(Actually, "kludge" means any technique that gets its job done but is neither clean nor robust.)