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Concept Index
- /etc/hostname: Host Identification
/etc/nsswitch.conf
: NSS Configuration File
- 4.n BSD Unix: Berkeley Unix
- __va_copy: Copying and Concatenation
_POSIX_OPTION_ORDER
environment variable.: Standard Environment
_POSIX_SAVED_IDS
: How Change Persona
- abort signal: Program Error Signals
- aborting a program: Aborting a Program
- absolute file name: File Name Resolution
- absolute priority: Absolute Priority
- absolute value functions: Absolute Value
- accepting connections: Accepting Connections
- access permission for a file: Access Permission
- access, testing for: Testing File Access
- accessing directories: Accessing Directories
- address of socket: Socket Addresses
- address space: Program Basics, Memory Subsystem
- alarm signal: Alarm Signals
- alarms, setting: Setting an Alarm
- alignment (in obstacks): Obstacks Data Alignment
- alignment (with
malloc
): Aligned Memory Blocks
alloca
disadvantages: Disadvantages of Alloca
alloca
function: Variable Size Automatic
- allocating pseudo-terminals: Allocation
- allocation (obstacks): Allocation in an Obstack
- allocation debugging: Allocation Debugging
- allocation hooks, for
malloc
: Hooks for Malloc
- allocation of memory with
malloc
: Basic Allocation
- allocation size of string: Representation of Strings
- allocation statistics: Statistics of Malloc
- alphabetic character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- alphanumeric character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- append-access files: File Position
- argc (program argument count): Program Arguments
- argp (program argument parser): Argp
- argp parser functions: Argp Parser Functions
- ARGP_HELP_FMT environment variable: Argp User Customization
- argument parsing with argp: Argp
- argument promotion: Calling Variadics
- argument vectors, null-character separated: Argz and Envz Vectors
- arguments (variadic functions): Receiving Arguments
- arguments, how many: How Many Arguments
- arguments, to program: Program Arguments
- argv (program argument vector): Program Arguments
- argz vectors (string vectors): Argz and Envz Vectors
- arithmetic expansion: Expansion Stages
- array comparison functions: String/Array Comparison
- array copy functions: Copying and Concatenation
- array search function: Array Search Function
- array sort function: Array Sort Function
- ASCII character: Classification of Characters
- assertions: Consistency Checking
- attributes of a file: Attribute Meanings
- automatic freeing: Variable Size Automatic
- automatic memory allocation: Memory Allocation and C
- automatic storage class: Memory Allocation and C
- automatic storage with variable size: Variable Size Automatic
- background job: Concepts of Job Control
- background job, launching: Foreground and Background
- backtrace: Backtraces
- backtrace_fd: Backtraces
- backtrace_symbols: Backtraces
- base (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
- baud rate: Line Speed
- Berkeley Unix: Berkeley Unix
- Bessel functions: Special Functions
- bias (of floating point number exponent): Floating Point Concepts
- big-endian: Byte Order
- binary I/O to a stream: Block Input/Output
- binary search function (for arrays): Array Search Function
- binary stream: Binary Streams
- binding a socket address: Socket Addresses
- blank character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- block I/O to a stream: Block Input/Output
- blocked signals: Delivery of Signal
- blocked signals, checking for: Checking for Pending Signals
- blocking signals: Blocking Signals
- blocking signals, in a handler: Blocking for Handler
- bootstrapping, and services: Actions in the NSS configuration
- break condition, detecting: Input Modes
- break condition, generating: Line Control
- breaking a string into tokens: Finding Tokens in a String
- broken pipe signal: Operation Error Signals
- broken-down time: Broken-down Time, Calendar Time
- BSD compatibility library: Process Group Functions
- BSD compatibility library.: Feature Test Macros
- BSD Unix: Berkeley Unix
- buffering of streams: Stream Buffering
- buffering, controlling: Controlling Buffering
- bugs, reporting: Reporting Bugs
- bus error: Program Error Signals
- butterfly: Misc FP Arithmetic
- byte order conversion, for socket: Byte Order
- byte stream: Socket Concepts
- C++ streams: Streams and I18N
- calendar time: Time Basics
- calendar time and broken-down time: Broken-down Time
- calendar, Gregorian: Calendar Time
- calling variadic functions: Calling Variadics
- canonical input processing: Canonical or Not
- capacity limits, POSIX: General Limits
- carrier detect: Control Modes
- case conversion of characters: Case Conversion
- catching signals: Delivery of Signal
- categories for locales: Locale Categories
- change working directory: Working Directory
- changing the locale: Setting the Locale
- changing the size of a block (
malloc
): Changing Block Size
- changing the size of a block (obstacks): Growing Objects
- channels: Stream/Descriptor Precautions
- character case conversion: Case Conversion
- character predicates: Classification of Characters
- character testing: Classification of Characters
- checking for pending signals: Checking for Pending Signals
- child process: Process Creation Concepts, Processes, Processor Time
- child process signal: Job Control Signals
- chunks: Obstack Chunks
- classes, floating-point: Floating Point Classes
- classification of characters: Classification of Characters
- cleaning up a stream: Linked Channels
- clearing terminal input queue: Line Control
- client: Connections
- clock ticks: Processor And CPU Time
- clock, high accuracy: High Accuracy Clock
- close-on-exec (file descriptor flag): Descriptor Flags
- closing a file descriptor: Opening and Closing Files
- closing a socket: Closing a Socket
- closing a stream: Closing Streams
- collating strings: Collation Functions
- combining locales: Choosing Locale
- command argument syntax: Argument Syntax
- command arguments, parsing: Parsing Program Arguments
- command line arguments: Program Arguments
- command substitution: Expansion Stages
- communication style (of a socket): Socket Concepts
- comparing strings and arrays: String/Array Comparison
- Comparison Function: Comparison Functions
- compiling: Configuring and compiling
- complex exponentiation functions: Exponents and Logarithms
- complex logarithm functions: Exponents and Logarithms
- complex numbers: Complex Numbers
- complex trigonometric functions: Trig Functions
- concatenating strings: Copying and Concatenation
- configurations, all supported: Supported Configurations
- configuring: Configuring and compiling
- conjugate complex numbers: Operations on Complex
- connecting a socket: Connecting
- connection: Connections
- consistency checking: Consistency Checking
- consistency checking, of heap: Heap Consistency Checking
- constants: Mathematical Constants, Memory Concepts
- continue signal: Job Control Signals
- control character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- control operations on files: Control Operations
- controlling process: Controlling Terminal
- controlling terminal: Concepts of Job Control
- controlling terminal, access to: Access to the Terminal
- controlling terminal, determining: Identifying the Terminal
- controlling terminal, setting: Open-time Flags
- conversion specifications (
printf
): Formatted Output Basics
- conversion specifications (
scanf
): Formatted Input Basics
- converting byte order: Byte Order
- converting case of characters: Case Conversion
- converting file descriptor to stream: Descriptors and Streams
- converting floats to integers: Rounding Functions
- converting group ID to group name: Lookup Group
- converting group name to group ID: Lookup Group
- converting host address to name: Host Names
- converting host name to address: Host Names
- converting network name to network number: Networks Database
- converting network number to network name: Networks Database
- converting port number to service name: Services Database
- converting service name to port number: Services Database
- converting string to collation order: Collation Functions
- converting strings to numbers: Parsing of Numbers
- converting user ID to user name: Lookup User
- converting user name to user ID: Lookup User
- cookie, for custom stream: Streams and Cookies
- copy-on-write page fault: Locked Memory Details
- copying strings and arrays: Copying and Concatenation
- cpu priority: Priority
- CPU time: Processor Time, Processor And CPU Time, Time Basics
- create on open (file status flag): Open-time Flags
- creating a directory: Creating Directories
- creating a FIFO special file: FIFO Special Files
- creating a pipe: Creating a Pipe
- creating a pipe to a subprocess: Pipe to a Subprocess
- creating a process: Process Creation Concepts
- creating a socket: Creating a Socket
- creating a socket pair: Socket Pairs
- creating special files: Making Special Files
- cube root function: Exponents and Logarithms
- currency symbols: Currency Symbol
- current limit: Limits on Resources
- current working directory: Working Directory
- custom streams: Custom Streams
- customizing
printf
: Customizing Printf
- data loss on sockets: Socket Concepts
- databases: Name Service Switch
- datagram socket: Datagrams
- datagrams, transmitting: Sending Datagrams
- date: Time Basics
- Daylight Saving Time: Broken-down Time
- decimal digit character: Classification of Characters
- decimal-point separator: General Numeric
- declaration (compared to definition): Header Files
- declaring variadic functions: Calling Variadics
- decompose complex numbers: Operations on Complex
- default action (for a signal): Delivery of Signal
- default action for a signal: Basic Signal Handling
- default argument promotions: Calling Variadics
- default value, and NSS: Notes on NSS Configuration File
- defining new
printf
conversions: Customizing Printf
- definition (compared to declaration): Header Files
- delayed suspend character: Signal Characters
- deleting a directory: Deleting Files
- deleting a file: Deleting Files
- delivery of signals: Delivery of Signal
- descriptors and streams: Stream/Descriptor Precautions
- digit character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- directories, accessing: Accessing Directories
- directories, creating: Creating Directories
- directories, deleting: Deleting Files
- directory: Directories
- directory entry: Directories
- directory hierarchy: Working with Directory Trees
- directory stream: Accessing Directories
- disadvantages of
alloca
: Disadvantages of Alloca
- DISCARD character: Other Special
- division by zero: FP Exceptions
- DNS: Host Identification
- DNS server unavailable: Actions in the NSS configuration
- domain (of socket): Socket Concepts
- domain error: Math Error Reporting
- domain name: Host Identification
- Domain Name System: Host Identification
- dot notation, for Internet addresses: Abstract Host Addresses
- DSUSP character: Signal Characters
- duplicating file descriptors: Duplicating Descriptors
- dynamic memory allocation: Memory Allocation and C
- EBCDIC: Extended Char Intro
- echo of terminal input: Local Modes
- effective group ID: Process Persona
- effective user ID: Process Persona
- efficiency and
malloc
: Efficiency and Malloc
- efficiency and obstacks: Extra Fast Growing
- efficiency of chunks: Obstack Chunks
- EINTR, and restarting interrupted primitives: Interrupted Primitives
- elapsed time: Elapsed Time, Time Basics
- encryption: Trivial Encryption
- end of file, on a stream: EOF and Errors
- end-of-file, on a file descriptor: I/O Primitives
- environment: Environment Variables
- environment access: Environment Access
- environment representation: Environment Access
- environment variable: Environment Variables
- environment vectors, null-character separated: Argz and Envz Vectors
- envz vectors (environment vectors): Argz and Envz Vectors
- EOF character: Editing Characters
- EOL character: Editing Characters
- EOL2 character: Editing Characters
- epoch: Simple Calendar Time
- ERASE character: Editing Characters
- errno: System Calls
- error codes: Error Reporting
- error messages, in argp: Argp Helper Functions
- error reporting: Error Reporting
- errors, mathematical: Math Error Reporting
- establishing a handler: Signal Actions
- ethers: NSS Basics
- EUC: Extended Char Intro
- EUC-JP: glibc iconv Implementation
- exception: Program Error Signals, FP Exceptions
- exclusive lock: File Locks
exec
functions: Executing a File
- execing a program: Memory Concepts
- executable: Memory Concepts
- executing a file: Executing a File
- exit status: Exit Status
- exit status value: Program Termination
- exiting a program: Memory Concepts
- expansion of shell words: Word Expansion
- exponent (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
- exponentiation functions: Exponents and Logarithms
- extending
printf
: Customizing Printf
- extracting file descriptor from stream: Descriptors and Streams
fcntl
function: Control Operations
- FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: Documentation License
- feature test macros: Feature Test Macros
- field splitting: Expansion Stages
- FIFO special file: Pipes and FIFOs
- file access permission: Access Permission
- file access time: File Times
- file attribute modification time: File Times
- file attributes: Attribute Meanings
- file creation mask: Setting Permissions
- file descriptor flags: Descriptor Flags
- file descriptor sets, for
select
: Waiting for I/O
- file descriptors, standard: Descriptors and Streams
- file locks: File Locks
- file modification time: File Times
- file name: File Names
- file name component: Directories
- file name errors: File Name Errors
- file name resolution: File Name Resolution
- file name translation flags: Open-time Flags
- file names, multiple: Hard Links
- file owner: File Owner
- file permission bits: Permission Bits
- file pointer: Streams
- file position: File Position
- file positioning on a file descriptor: File Position Primitive
- file positioning on a stream: File Positioning
- file status flags: File Status Flags
- files, accessing: Memory Concepts
- filtering i/o through subprocess: Pipe to a Subprocess
- flag character (
printf
): Output Conversion Syntax
- flag character (
scanf
): Input Conversion Syntax
- flags for
sigaction
: Flags for Sigaction
- flags, file name translation: Open-time Flags
- flags, open-time action: Open-time Flags
- floating point: Floating Point Numbers
- floating point, IEEE: IEEE Floating Point
- floating type measurements: Floating Type Macros
- floating-point classes: Floating Point Classes
- floating-point exception: Program Error Signals
- flow control, terminal: Line Control
- flushing a stream: Flushing Buffers
- flushing terminal output queue: Line Control
- foreground job: Concepts of Job Control
- foreground job, launching: Foreground and Background
- forking a process: Process Creation Concepts
- format string, for
printf
: Formatted Output
- format string, for
scanf
: Formatted Input
- formatted input from a stream: Formatted Input
- formatted messages: Formatted Messages
- formatted output to a stream: Formatted Output
- FP arithmetic: FP Bit Twiddling
- FQDN: Host Identification
- frame, real memory: Memory Concepts
- free documentation: Free Manuals
- freeing (obstacks): Freeing Obstack Objects
- freeing memory: Memory Concepts
- freeing memory allocated with
malloc
: Freeing after Malloc
- fully buffered stream: Buffering Concepts
- function prototypes (variadic): Variadic Prototypes
- gamma function: Special Functions
- gcvt_r: System V Number Conversion
- gencat: The gencat program
- generation of signals: Signal Generation
- generic i/o control operations: IOCTLs
- globbing: Globbing
- graphic character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- Gregorian calendar: Calendar Time
- group: NSS Basics
- group database: Group Database
- group ID: User and Group IDs
- group name: User and Group IDs
- group owner of a file: File Owner
- grouping of digits: General Numeric
- growing objects (in obstacks): Growing Objects
- handling multiple signals: Merged Signals
- hangup signal: Termination Signals
- hard limit: Limits on Resources
- hard link: Hard Links
- header files: Header Files
- heap consistency checking: Heap Consistency Checking
- heap, dynamic allocation from: Unconstrained Allocation
- heap, freeing memory from: Freeing after Malloc
- hexadecimal digit character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- hidden bit (of floating point number mantissa): Floating Point Concepts
- hierarchy, directory: Working with Directory Trees
- high-priority data: Out-of-Band Data
- high-resolution time: Calendar Time
- holes in files: File Position Primitive
- home directory: Standard Environment
HOME
environment variable: Standard Environment
- hook functions (of custom streams): Hook Functions
- host address, Internet: Abstract Host Addresses
- host name: Host Identification
- hostname: Host Identification
- hosts: NSS Basics
- hosts database: Host Names
- how many arguments: How Many Arguments
- hyperbolic functions: Hyperbolic Functions
- identifying terminals: Is It a Terminal
- IEEE 754: Floating Point Numbers
- IEEE floating point: Floating Point Numbers
- IEEE floating point representation: IEEE Floating Point
- IEEE Std 1003.1: POSIX
- IEEE Std 1003.2: POSIX
- ignore action for a signal: Basic Signal Handling
- illegal instruction: Program Error Signals
- impossible events: Consistency Checking
- independent channels: Independent Channels
- inexact exception: FP Exceptions
- infinity: Infinity and NaN
- initial signal actions: Initial Signal Actions
- inode number: Attribute Meanings
- input available signal: Asynchronous I/O Signals
- input conversions, for
scanf
: Table of Input Conversions
- input from multiple files: Waiting for I/O
- installation tools: Tools for Compilation
- installing: Running make install
- integer: Integers
- integer division functions: Integer Division
- integer type range: Range of Type
- integer type width: Width of Type
- interactive signals, from terminal: Local Modes
- interactive stop signal: Job Control Signals
- internal representation: Extended Char Intro
- internationalization: Locales
- Internet host address: Abstract Host Addresses
- Internet namespace, for sockets: Internet Namespace
- interprocess communication, with FIFO: FIFO Special Files
- interprocess communication, with pipes: Creating a Pipe
- interprocess communication, with signals: Kill Example
- interprocess communication, with sockets: Sockets
- interrupt character: Signal Characters
- interrupt signal: Termination Signals
- interrupt-driven input: Interrupt Input
- interrupting primitives: Interrupted Primitives
- interval: Time Basics
- interval timer, setting: Setting an Alarm
- INTR character: Signal Characters
- invalid exception: FP Exceptions
- inverse complex hyperbolic functions: Hyperbolic Functions
- inverse complex trigonometric functions: Inverse Trig Functions
- inverse hyperbolic functions: Hyperbolic Functions
- inverse trigonometric functions: Inverse Trig Functions
- invocation of program: Program Arguments
- IOCTLs: IOCTLs
- ISO 10646: Extended Char Intro
- ISO 2022: Extended Char Intro
- ISO 6937: Extended Char Intro
- ISO C: ISO C
- ISO-2022-JP: glibc iconv Implementation
- ISO/IEC 9945-1: POSIX
- ISO/IEC 9945-2: POSIX
- job: Job Control
- job control: Job Control
- job control functions: Functions for Job Control
- job control is optional: Job Control is Optional
- job control signals: Job Control Signals
- job control, enabling: Initializing the Shell
- Kermit the frog: Search/Sort Example
- kernel call: System Calls
- kernel header files: Linux
- KILL character: Editing Characters
- kill signal: Termination Signals
- killing a process: Signaling Another Process
- Korn Shell: Wildcard Matching
LANG
environment variable: Standard Environment
- LANG environment variable: The catgets Functions
- launching jobs: Launching Jobs
LC_ALL
environment variable: Standard Environment
- LC_ALL environment variable: The catgets Functions
LC_COLLATE
environment variable: Standard Environment
LC_CTYPE
environment variable: Standard Environment
LC_MESSAGES
environment variable: Standard Environment
- LC_MESSAGES environment variable: The catgets Functions
LC_MONETARY
environment variable: Standard Environment
LC_NUMERIC
environment variable: Standard Environment
LC_TIME
environment variable: Standard Environment
- leap second: Broken-down Time
- length of string: Representation of Strings
- level, for socket options: Socket Options
- LGPL, Lesser General Public License: Copying
- library: Introduction
- limit: Limits on Resources
- limits on resource usage: Limits on Resources
- limits, file name length: Limits for Files
- limits, floating types: Floating Type Macros
- limits, integer types: Range of Type
- limits, link count of files: Limits for Files
- limits, number of open files: General Limits
- limits, number of processes: General Limits
- limits, number of supplementary group IDs: General Limits
- limits, pipe buffer size: Limits for Files
- limits, POSIX: General Limits
- limits, program argument size: General Limits
- limits, terminal input queue: Limits for Files
- limits, time zone name length: General Limits
- line buffered stream: Buffering Concepts
- line speed: Line Speed
- lines (in a text file): Binary Streams
- link: Directories
- link, hard: Hard Links
- link, soft: Symbolic Links
- link, symbolic: Symbolic Links
- linked channels: Linked Channels
- listening (sockets): Listening
- literals: Memory Concepts
- little-endian: Byte Order
- LNEXT character: Other Special
- load average: Processor Resources
- local namespace, for sockets: Local Namespace
- local network address number: Abstract Host Addresses
- local time: Calendar Time
- locale categories: Locale Categories
- locale, changing: Setting the Locale
- locales: Locales
- locking pages: Locking Pages
- logarithm functions: Exponents and Logarithms
- login name: User and Group IDs
- login name, determining: Who Logged In
LOGNAME
environment variable: Standard Environment
- long jumps: Non-Local Exits
- long-named options: Argument Syntax
- longjmp: Advantages of Alloca
- loss of data on sockets: Socket Concepts
- lost resource signal: Operation Error Signals
- lower-case character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- macros: Obstack Functions
main
function: Program Arguments
- malloc debugger: Allocation Debugging
malloc
function: Unconstrained Allocation
- mantissa (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
- matching failure, in
scanf
: Formatted Input Basics
- math errors: Errors in Math Functions
- mathematical constants: Mathematical Constants
- maximum: Misc FP Arithmetic
- maximum field width (
scanf
): Input Conversion Syntax
- maximum limit: Limits on Resources
- maximum possible integer: Integers
- measurements of floating types: Floating Type Macros
- memory allocation: Memory
- memory lock: Locking Pages
- memory mapped file: Memory Concepts
- memory mapped I/O: Memory Concepts
- memory page: Memory Subsystem
- merging of signals: Merged Signals
- MIN termios slot: Noncanonical Input
- minimum: Misc FP Arithmetic
- minimum field width (
printf
): Output Conversion Syntax
- minimum possible integer: Integers
- mixing descriptors and streams: Stream/Descriptor Precautions
- modem disconnect: Control Modes
- modem status lines: Control Modes
- monetary value formatting: The Lame Way to Locale Data
- multi-threaded application: Streams and Threads
- multibyte character: Extended Char Intro
- multibyte character string: Representation of Strings
- multibyte string: Representation of Strings
- multiple names for one file: Hard Links
- multiplexing input: Waiting for I/O
- multiply-add: Misc FP Arithmetic
- name of running program: Error Messages
- name of socket: Socket Addresses
- Name Service Switch: Name Service Switch
- name space: Reserved Names
- names of signals: Standard Signals
- namespace (of socket): Socket Concepts
- NaN: FP Bit Twiddling, Infinity and NaN
- Netgroup: Netgroup Data
- netgroup: NSS Basics
- network byte order: Byte Order
- network number: Abstract Host Addresses
- network protocol: Socket Concepts
- networks: NSS Basics
- networks database: Networks Database
- NIS: Host Identification
- NIS domain name: Host Identification
- nisplus, and booting: Actions in the NSS configuration
- nisplus, and completeness: Actions in the NSS configuration
NLSPATH
environment variable: Standard Environment
- NLSPATH environment variable: The catgets Functions
- non-blocking open: Open-time Flags
- non-local exit, from signal handler: Longjmp in Handler
- non-local exits: Non-Local Exits
- noncanonical input processing: Canonical or Not
- normalization functions (floating-point): Normalization Functions
- normalized floating point number: Floating Point Concepts
- not a number: Infinity and NaN
- NSS: Name Service Switch
nsswitch.conf
: NSS Configuration File
- null character: Representation of Strings
- null pointer constant: Null Pointer Constant
- null wide character: Representation of Strings
- number of arguments passed: How Many Arguments
- number syntax, parsing: Parsing of Numbers
- numeric value formatting: The Lame Way to Locale Data
- obstack status: Status of an Obstack
- obstacks: Obstacks
- open-time action flags: Open-time Flags
- opening a file: I/O Concepts
- opening a file descriptor: Opening and Closing Files
- opening a pipe: Creating a Pipe
- opening a pseudo-terminal pair: Pseudo-Terminal Pairs
- opening a socket: Creating a Socket
- opening a socket pair: Socket Pairs
- opening a stream: Opening Streams
- Optimization: FP Function Optimizations
- optimizing NSS: Notes on NSS Configuration File
- option parsing with argp: Argp
- optional arguments: Variadic Functions
- optional POSIX features: System Options
- orientation, stream: Streams and I18N, Opening Streams
- orphaned process group: Orphaned Process Groups
- out-of-band data: Out-of-Band Data
- output conversions, for
printf
: Table of Output Conversions
- output possible signal: Asynchronous I/O Signals
- overflow exception: FP Exceptions
- owner of a file: File Owner
- packet: Socket Concepts
- page boundary: Aligned Memory Blocks
- page fault: Memory Concepts
- page fault, copy-on-write: Locked Memory Details
- page frame: Memory Concepts
- page, memory: Memory Subsystem
- page, virtual memory: Memory Concepts
- paging: Locking Pages, Memory Concepts
- parameter promotion: String/Array Conventions
- parent directory: File Name Resolution
- parent process: Process Creation Concepts, Processes
- parity checking: Input Modes
- parsing a template string: Parsing a Template String
- parsing numbers (in formatted input): Parsing of Numbers
- parsing program arguments: Parsing Program Arguments
- parsing tokens from a string: Finding Tokens in a String
- passwd: NSS Basics
- password database: User Database
PATH
environment variable: Standard Environment
pause
function: Waiting for a Signal
- peeking at input: Unreading
- pending signals: Delivery of Signal
- pending signals, checking for: Checking for Pending Signals
- period of time: Time Basics
- permission to access a file: Access Permission
- persona: Process Persona
- physical address: Memory Subsystem
- physical memory: Memory Subsystem
- pi (trigonometric constant): Trig Functions
- pipe: Pipes and FIFOs
- pipe signal: Operation Error Signals
- pipe to a subprocess: Pipe to a Subprocess
- port number: Ports
- positioning a file descriptor: File Position Primitive
- positioning a stream: File Positioning
- positive difference: Misc FP Arithmetic
- POSIX: POSIX
- POSIX capacity limits: General Limits
- POSIX optional features: System Options
- POSIX.1: POSIX
- POSIX.2: POSIX
- power functions: Exponents and Logarithms
- precision (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
- precision (
printf
): Output Conversion Syntax
- predicates on arrays: String/Array Comparison
- predicates on characters: Classification of Characters
- predicates on strings: String/Array Comparison
- preemptive scheduling: Absolute Priority
- primitives, interrupting: Interrupted Primitives
- printing character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- priority of a process: Priority
- priority, absolute: Absolute Priority
- process: Processes, Program Basics
- process completion: Process Completion
- process group functions: Functions for Job Control
- process group ID: Launching Jobs
- process group leader: Launching Jobs
- process groups: Job Control
- process ID: Process Creation Concepts
- process image: Process Creation Concepts
- process lifetime: Process Creation Concepts
- process priority: Priority
- process signal mask: Process Signal Mask
- process termination: Program Termination
- processor time: Processor Time, Time Basics
- profiling alarm signal: Alarm Signals
- profiling timer: Setting an Alarm
- program: Program Basics
- program argument syntax: Argument Syntax
- program arguments: Program Arguments
- program arguments, parsing: Parsing Program Arguments
- program error signals: Program Error Signals
- program name: Error Messages
- program startup: Program Arguments
- program termination: Program Termination
- program termination signals: Termination Signals
- programming your own streams: Custom Streams
- project complex numbers: Operations on Complex
- protocol (of socket): Socket Concepts
- protocol family: Socket Concepts
- protocols: NSS Basics
- protocols database: Protocols Database
- prototypes for variadic functions: Variadic Prototypes
- pseudo-random numbers: Pseudo-Random Numbers
- pseudo-terminals: Pseudo-Terminals
- punctuation character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- pushing input back: Unreading
- quick sort function (for arrays): Array Sort Function
- QUIT character: Signal Characters
- quit signal: Termination Signals
- quote removal: Expansion Stages
- race conditions, relating to job control: Launching Jobs
- race conditions, relating to signals: Signals in Handler
- radix (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
- raising signals: Generating Signals
- random numbers: Pseudo-Random Numbers
- random-access files: File Position
- range error: Math Error Reporting
- range of integer type: Range of Type
- read lock: File Locks
- reading from a directory: Accessing Directories
- reading from a file descriptor: I/O Primitives
- reading from a socket: Transferring Data
- reading from a stream, by blocks: Block Input/Output
- reading from a stream, by characters: Character Input
- reading from a stream, formatted: Formatted Input
- ready to run: Absolute Priority
- real group ID: Process Persona
- real user ID: Process Persona
- real-time timer: Setting an Alarm
- realtime CPU scheduling: Absolute Priority
- realtime processing: Why Lock Pages
- realtime scheduling: Realtime Scheduling
- receiving datagrams: Receiving Datagrams
- record locking: File Locks
- redirecting input and output: Duplicating Descriptors
- reentrant functions: Nonreentrancy
- reentrant NSS functions: NSS Module Names
- relative file name: File Name Resolution
- removal of quotes: Expansion Stages
- removing a file: Deleting Files
- removing macros that shadow functions: Macro Definitions
- renaming a file: Renaming Files
- reporting bugs: Reporting Bugs
- reporting errors: Error Reporting
- REPRINT character: Editing Characters
- reserved names: Reserved Names
- resource limits: Limits on Resources
- restarting interrupted primitives: Interrupted Primitives
- restrictions on signal handler functions: Nonreentrancy
- root directory: File Name Resolution
- Rot13: Trivial Encryption
- rpc: NSS Basics
- runnable process: Absolute Priority
- running a command: Running a Command
- saved set-group-ID: How Change Persona
- saved set-user-ID: How Change Persona
- scanning the group list: Scanning All Groups
- scanning the user list: Scanning All Users
- scatter-gather: Scatter-Gather
- scheduling, traditional: Traditional Scheduling
- search function (for arrays): Array Search Function
- search functions (for strings): Search Functions
- seed (for random numbers): Pseudo-Random Numbers
- seeking on a file descriptor: File Position Primitive
- seeking on a stream: File Positioning
- segmentation violation: Program Error Signals
- sending a datagram: Sending Datagrams
- sending signals: Generating Signals
- sequential-access files: File Position
- server: Connections
- services: NSS Basics
- services database: Services Database
- session: Concepts of Job Control, Job Control
- session leader: Concepts of Job Control
- setting an alarm: Setting an Alarm
setuid
programs: How Change Persona
- setuid programs and file access: Testing File Access
- severity class: Adding Severity Classes, Printing Formatted Messages
- sgettext: GUI program problems
- shadow: NSS Basics
- shadowing functions with macros: Macro Definitions
- shared lock: File Locks
- shared memory: Memory Subsystem
- shell: Concepts of Job Control
- shift state: Keeping the state
- Shift_JIS: Extended Char Intro
- shrinking objects: Growing Objects
- shutting down a socket: Closing a Socket
sigaction
flags: Flags for Sigaction
sigaction
function: Advanced Signal Handling
SIGCHLD
, handling of: Stopped and Terminated Jobs
- sign (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
- signal: Signal Handling, FP Exceptions
- signal action: Delivery of Signal
- signal actions: Signal Actions
- signal flags: Flags for Sigaction
signal
function: Basic Signal Handling
- signal handler function: Defining Handlers
- signal mask: Process Signal Mask
- signal messages: Signal Messages
- signal names: Standard Signals
- signal number: Standard Signals
- signal set: Signal Sets
- signals, generating: Generating Signals
- signedness: Integers
- significand (of floating point number): Floating Point Concepts
SIGTTIN
, from background job: Access to the Terminal
SIGTTOU
, from background job: Access to the Terminal
- simple time: Calendar Time
- single-byte string: Representation of Strings
- size of string: Representation of Strings
- SJIS: Extended Char Intro
- socket: Sockets
- socket address (name) binding: Socket Addresses
- socket domain: Socket Concepts
- socket namespace: Socket Concepts
- socket option level: Socket Options
- socket options: Socket Options
- socket pair: Socket Pairs
- socket protocol: Socket Concepts
- socket shutdown: Closing a Socket
- socket, client actions: Connecting
- socket, closing: Closing a Socket
- socket, connecting: Connecting
- socket, creating: Creating a Socket
- socket, initiating a connection: Connecting
- sockets, accepting connections: Accepting Connections
- sockets, listening: Listening
- sockets, server actions: Listening
- soft limit: Limits on Resources
- soft link: Symbolic Links
- sort function (for arrays): Array Sort Function
- sparse files: File Position Primitive
- special files: Making Special Files
- special functions: Special Functions
- specified action (for a signal): Delivery of Signal
- speed of execution: Why Lock Pages
- square root function: Exponents and Logarithms
- stable sorting: Array Sort Function
- standard dot notation, for Internet addresses: Abstract Host Addresses
- standard environment variables: Standard Environment
- standard error file descriptor: Descriptors and Streams
- standard error stream: Standard Streams
- standard file descriptors: Descriptors and Streams
- standard input file descriptor: Descriptors and Streams
- standard input stream: Standard Streams
- standard output file descriptor: Descriptors and Streams
- standard output stream: Standard Streams
- standard streams: Standard Streams
- standards: Standards and Portability
- START character: Start/Stop Characters
- startup of program: Program Arguments
- stateful: glibc iconv Implementation, iconv Examples, Generic Conversion Interface, Converting Strings, Converting a Character, Keeping the state
- static memory allocation: Memory Allocation and C
- static storage class: Memory Allocation and C
- STATUS character: Other Special
- status codes: Error Reporting
- status of a file: Attribute Meanings
- status of obstack: Status of an Obstack
- sticky bit: Permission Bits
- STOP character: Start/Stop Characters
- stop signal: Job Control Signals
- stopped job: Concepts of Job Control
- stopped jobs, continuing: Continuing Stopped Jobs
- stopped jobs, detecting: Stopped and Terminated Jobs
- storage allocation: Memory
- stream (sockets): Socket Concepts
- stream orientation: Streams and I18N, Opening Streams
- stream, for I/O to a string: String Streams
- streams and descriptors: Stream/Descriptor Precautions
- streams, and file descriptors: Descriptors and Streams
- streams, C++: Streams and I18N
- streams, standard: Standard Streams
- string: Representation of Strings
- string allocation: Representation of Strings
- string collation functions: Collation Functions
- string comparison functions: String/Array Comparison
- string concatenation functions: Copying and Concatenation
- string copy functions: Copying and Concatenation
- string length: Representation of Strings
- string literal: Representation of Strings
- string search functions: Search Functions
- string stream: String Streams
- string vectors, null-character separated: Argz and Envz Vectors
- string, representation of: Representation of Strings
- style of communication (of a socket): Socket Concepts
- subshell: Initializing the Shell
- substitution of variables and commands: Expansion Stages
- successive signals: Merged Signals
- summer time: Broken-down Time
- SunOS: Berkeley Unix
- supplementary group IDs: Process Persona
- SUSP character: Signal Characters
- suspend character: Signal Characters
- SVID: SVID
- swap space: Memory Concepts
- symbolic link: Symbolic Links
- symbolic link, opening: Open-time Flags
- synchronizing: Synchronizing AIO Operations, Synchronizing I/O
- syntax error messages, in argp: Argp Helper Functions
- syntax, for program arguments: Argument Syntax
- syntax, for reading numbers: Parsing of Numbers
- sysconf: Processor Resources, Query Memory Parameters
- system call: System Calls
- system call number: System Calls
- System V Unix: SVID
- TCP (Internet protocol): Protocols Database
- template, for
printf
: Formatted Output
- template, for
scanf
: Formatted Input
TERM
environment variable: Standard Environment
- terminal flow control: Line Control
- terminal identification: Is It a Terminal
- terminal input queue: I/O Queues
- terminal input queue, clearing: Line Control
- terminal input signal: Job Control Signals
- terminal line control functions: Line Control
- terminal line speed: Line Speed
- terminal mode data types: Mode Data Types
- terminal mode functions: Mode Functions
- terminal modes, BSD: BSD Terminal Modes
- terminal output queue: I/O Queues
- terminal output queue, flushing: Line Control
- terminal output signal: Job Control Signals
- terminated jobs, detecting: Stopped and Terminated Jobs
- termination signal: Termination Signals
- testing access permission: Testing File Access
- testing exit status of child process: Process Completion
- text stream: Binary Streams
- thrashing: Memory Subsystem
- thread of control: Program Basics
- threads: Streams and Threads
- ticks, clock: Processor And CPU Time
- tilde expansion: Expansion Stages
- time: Time Basics
- TIME termios slot: Noncanonical Input
- time zone: TZ Variable
- time zone database: TZ Variable
- time, elapsed: Time Basics
- time, high precision: High Accuracy Clock
- timer, profiling: Setting an Alarm
- timer, real-time: Setting an Alarm
- timer, virtual: Setting an Alarm
- timers, setting: Setting an Alarm
- timespec: Elapsed Time
- timeval: Elapsed Time
- timing error in signal handling: Remembering a Signal
- TMPDIR environment variable: Temporary Files
- tokenizing strings: Finding Tokens in a String
- tools, for installing library: Tools for Compilation
- transmitting datagrams: Sending Datagrams
- tree, directory: Working with Directory Trees
- triangulation: glibc iconv Implementation
- trigonometric functions: Trig Functions
- type measurements, floating: Floating Type Macros
- type measurements, integer: Width of Type
- type modifier character (
printf
): Output Conversion Syntax
- type modifier character (
scanf
): Input Conversion Syntax
- typeahead buffer: I/O Queues
TZ
environment variable: Standard Environment
- UCS-2: Extended Char Intro
- UCS-4: Extended Char Intro
- ulps: Errors in Math Functions
- umask: Setting Permissions
- unbuffered stream: Buffering Concepts
- unconstrained memory allocation: Unconstrained Allocation
- undefining macros that shadow functions: Macro Definitions
- underflow exception: FP Exceptions
- Unicode: Extended Char Intro
- Unix, Berkeley: Berkeley Unix
- Unix, System V: SVID
- unlinking a file: Deleting Files
- unordered comparison: FP Comparison Functions
- unreading characters: Unreading
- upgrading from libc5: Linux
- upper-case character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- urgent data signal: Asynchronous I/O Signals
- urgent socket condition: Out-of-Band Data
- usage limits: Limits on Resources
- usage messages, in argp: Argp Helper Functions
- user accounting database: User Accounting Database
- user database: User Database
- user ID: User and Group IDs
- user ID, determining: Who Logged In
- user name: User and Group IDs
- user signals: Miscellaneous Signals
- usual file name errors: File Name Errors
- UTF-16: Extended Char Intro
- UTF-7: Extended Char Intro
- UTF-8: Extended Char Intro
- va_copy: Copying and Concatenation
- variable number of arguments: Variadic Functions
- variable substitution: Expansion Stages
- variable-sized arrays: GNU C Variable-Size Arrays
- variadic function argument access: Receiving Arguments
- variadic function prototypes: Variadic Prototypes
- variadic functions: Variadic Functions
- variadic functions, calling: Calling Variadics
- virtual time alarm signal: Alarm Signals
- virtual timer: Setting an Alarm
volatile
declarations: Nonreentrancy
- waiting for a signal: Waiting for a Signal
- waiting for completion of child process: Process Completion
- waiting for input or output: Waiting for I/O
- WERASE character: Editing Characters
- whitespace character: Classification of Wide Characters, Classification of Characters
- wide character: Extended Char Intro
- wide character string: Representation of Strings
- width of integer type: Width of Type
- wildcard expansion: Expansion Stages
- wint_t: String/Array Conventions
- word expansion: Word Expansion
- working directory: Working Directory
- write lock: File Locks
- writing to a file descriptor: I/O Primitives
- writing to a socket: Transferring Data
- writing to a stream, by blocks: Block Input/Output
- writing to a stream, by characters: Simple Output
- writing to a stream, formatted: Formatted Output
- YP: Host Identification
- YP domain name: Host Identification
- zero divide: FP Exceptions